UV Induced pigmentation/SPF study

The UV induced pigmentation study  provides aid to assess  the efficacy of the SPF products and also to study about the photo irritant behaviour of the skin.
qStaining: visualisation of melanin by Fontana-Masson
qBiomarkers:
ØUVB irradiation – P53, Caspase-3, H2AX
ØUVA irradiations – Oxidative-Stress response-1 – OXSR-1, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine – 8-OHdG, Hème oxygénase – HO-1
qMelanin Quantification by Solvable method
qSpectrophotometric method (L* value)

Anti-aging

The anti-aging study helps to check the repair of skin-damage and reduction in fine lines and wrinkles by use of cosmetics or skin care products on skin ex-plants.
General Morphology:
– Thickness of Epidermis (H & E Staining)
– Texture of skin surface (NOVA & TEWL)
Biomarker Analysis:
– Epidermal markers– Mitotic division (Ki67)
– Cytokeratins (CK14, CK10, CK1)
– Keratinocyte differentiation (involucrin, loricrin, Caspase 14)
– Dermal-epidermal junction markers – Integrin B4, Laminin 5
– Dermal markers – Heparanase,  Hyaluronic acid, Elastin, Fibrillin, Emilin,  Collagens (types I, III, IV, V)

Hydration

The hydration study helps to check the skin moisture by use of cosmetics or skin care products on skin ex-plants. The study helps to check the hydration levels by analysing the presence of the biomarkers in the skin by ELISA
General Morphology:
– Thickness of Epidermis (H & E Staining)
– Texture of skin surface (NOVA & TEWL)
Biomarkers:
– Filaggrin, Tight junction protein ( ZO-1), Occludin-1, Claudin-1, Kallikreins, Hyaluronic acid.
– Terminal differentiation of keratinocytes: Involucrin, Caspase 14
– Aquaporins (protein regulating the hydric flow between the dermis and the stratum corneum)

Anti-Oxidant and Anti-inflammatory

The study model helps to check the oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by various factors on the skin and the impact of the test material on the skin.
Biomarkers:
TNF alpha, IL1 alpha, IL8, IL6, LPO, SOD, GTP

Permeation study

The permeation study on Ex-vivo skin can be performed using the Franz cell diffusion apparatus.
**OECD/OCDE 428-OECD GUIDELINE FOR THE TESTING OF CHEMICALS – Skin Absorption ; in vitro Method